![]() The government has initiated various measures and initiatives to resolve the weak output of the power production, transmission and distribution industries ( Gatugel Usman et al., 2015). The large majority of the country’s electricity is supplied by diesel and petroleum back-up generators which is not sustainable. Around 10% of Sub-Saharan African non-electrified population are located in Nigeria and as of 2017 about 40% of Nigerians have no access to electricity ( Yetano Roche et al., 2019). Nigeria has been afflicted by severe power deficits because of its energy sector’s low efficiency ( Gatugel Usman et al., 2015). Improving efficient use of energy in buildings is one of the fastest and cost effective steps to minimize CO 2 emissions: one of the key triggers of global warming ( Saidur, 2009). Buildings account for 33% of carbon dioxide (CO 2) emission and 40% of material and energy use worldwide and also the energy usage of office buildings is 10–20 times more than energy use of residential buildings ( Yang et al., 2008) as a result of higher internal loads generated by personal computers, solar gains and enhanced comfort levels which has made the use of air-conditioning a necessity. The increased interest in energy efficient construction because of environmental issues and rising energy costs has resulted in the adoption of initiatives aimed at rising energy efficiency in the building industry as an energy intensive industry with significant potential to decrease energy needs and ozone pollution ( Silva et al., 2013). ![]()
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